After years of political instability, this little country is emerging as an ideal destination for lovers of unspoiled paradise, away from mass tourism. It is an opportunity for the adventurous and nature lovers, delicious to contemplate a landscape, decorated with extensive mangroves and virgin jungles, and people still intact on commercial tourism.
Bangladesh (formerly East Pakistan) is located in Eastern Asia, bordering the Bay of Bengal, between Myanmar (Burma) and India. It has a coastline of 600 kilometers jungle on the Bay of Bengal, and is the largest agricultural country with the world population density (849 inhabitants per square kilometer, mostly in and around Dhaka and Comilla), and also one of those increased poverty.
More than 120 million people living in the great delta of the Ganges-Brahmaputra, are exposed to the threat of catastrophic flooding, as a country made up of flood plains. In fact, since 1960, there were six cyclones in Bangladesh, with winds over 200 km / h.
It is not unusual to see completely flooded the streets of Dhaka, and its people transported by boat, like channels. That same water that drowns the streets in times of monsoon is what feeds the rich vegetation of Bangladesh, and has resulted in long stretches of grassy plains covered with tea plantations, and tropical forests abound in bamboo, mangoes and palm trees, thanks to the great rivers of the Ganges and Brahmaputra.
Other major cities including the capital Dhaka, are Chittagong, a coastal city northeast of the Bay of Bengal with over 2.8 million inhabitants, Khulna, southwest of the country, with more than 1.8 million people, and Rajshahi , located on the border with India, with more than a million inhabitants.
In the fourteenth century, the Moroccan traveler Ibn Battuta wrote that Bengalis are referred to their land as “a hell full of blessings.” Today, travelers may soon be finding those blessings, but the find.
History
The area now known as Bangladesh has a historical and cultural past of great wealth, with a cultural mix of Dravidian, Indo-Aryans, Mongols, Arabs, Persians, Turks and Western Europeans.
Around 1200, Muslim invaders under the influence of the Sufis, supplanted the Buddhist and Hindu dynasties that existed previously. This raid led to the conversion of almost the entire population of the eastern areas of Bengal to Islam, and left a Muslim minority in the regions of Bengal belonging to India today. Since then, Islam has played an important role in history and politics of the region.
Bengal was absorbed into the Mongol Empire in the sixteenth century, and Dhaka, the seat of the Nawab (representative of the emperor), gained some importance as a central province.
Portuguese traders and missionaries were the first Europeans to reach Bengal in the late fifteenth century. They were followed by representatives of the Netherlands, French and English Companies Indies.
In the late seventeenth century, the English presence is focused in Calcutta, and during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries the British were expanding their business into Bengal. In 1859, Bengal became dominions of the British Crown.
The rise of nationalist movements in British India in the late nineteenth century spawned numerous conflicts between Hindu and Muslim communities. Islamic claims were increasing, but the nationalist movement was common, and there was both cooperative and conflict between the two communities.
Following the 1935 constitution, elections were held in which the Muslim League suffered a decisive defeat, this grew the idea of creating a separate Muslim state in India.
In 1940 the Muslim League tried to form an independent state in regions of Muslim majority, and thus won the votes of the latter in the 1946 elections. But it sparked a wave of violence, especially in Calcutta.
When British India was divided and created the separate domains of India and Pakistan in 1947, the predominantly Muslim area of Bengal became East Pakistan, while the western part, mostly Hindu, became part of India as West Bengal . But this territorial division did nothing but increase tensions among states, with their ethnic, cultural and linguistic minorities, and after long periods of instability, East Pakistan and West Pakistan go to war in 1965 and India in 1871 provides support for Bengalis. In December 1971, Pakistani forces surrendered and Bangladesh was born status.
The recent history of Bangladesh is as stormy as his own climate. After statehood, the terrible years of famine followed, until General Ziaur Rahman assumed the presidency.
In 1981, during a military coup, was assassinated. But in 1991, the general’s widow, Khaleda Zia, was elected president in which they were the first democratic elections in Bangladesh. However, since then, the opposition party, known as the Awami League has boycotted the elections and organized protests accusing the government of human rights abuse.
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